Why Children’s Book Illustrators Are Angry About AI

First of all, let me make this clear. I think AI is pretty amazing. I am blown away by the images that various AI generators can produce. I say this because I don’t want people to assume that the reason I’m writing this article is because I hate AI. I don’t. Nevertheless, as cool as AI is, I’ll be honest, it is wreaking havoc on the illustration industry and making a lot of us worried. This blog post is to explain to those who are not in the world of children’s book illustration why AI art is making illustrators uncomfortable.

As an author/illustrator of children’s books, I like to be aware of what is going on in the publishing world from as many angles as possible. This is why I am on over 100 forums including those for teachers, librarians, principals, editors, illustrators, authors, and children’s book self-publishers. In the last few years in the world of children’s book self-publishing, there has been an increasing trend of people taking credit for illustration work which they have not created. AI did not create this trend, but it has added rocket fuel to the fire. AI has now become the number one topic on many of the forums that I am on and for good reason. Let me explain.

Originally, children’s book illustration was all done by hand in various media, such as colored pencils, watercolors, or collage. Now, however, all artwork, even that which is carefully crafted by hand, is eventually put into a computer. This is not a bad thing. It actually makes doing layouts a lot easier. Creative apps like Adobe Photoshop and Procreate have made it possible for artists to make spectacular digital images and gorgeous picture books.

The first big revolutionary change in the children’s book industry was the introduction of print on demand books (POD). This is because in traditional publishing, a book took months to make. Publishers had to make sure that everything was perfect and professional before they could send a book to press. POD books, on the other hand, could be printed immediately. POD technology made it possible for anyone to publish a book who had the means to do so. Companies like Amazon took advantage of this and made it possible for people to publish their books for free. The market for self-published books began to boom.

To self-publish a children’s book, however, you need to be able to finance its creation. This means that unless you are an author/illustrator with experience in graphic design and perfect grammar, you still need to pay for editing, illustrations, and layout. Most professional illustrators charge between 3-10,000 dollars per book for illustrations and are paid upfront (illustrators are not normally paid royalties). This means that for most authors who choose to self-publish their children’s book, illustrations are the biggest cost. Because of this, many began to look for cheaper ways to make their dream come true. The demand for inexpensive illustrations grew.

In order to find low priced images, many people began to go online to pay for someone overseas where wages are lower to illustrate their book. There are many illustrators on sites like Fiverr which will do an entire picture book for less than $500. Unfortunately, these sites are filled with scams. One of the biggest problems is artists stealing other illustrator’s work and calling it their own to make their profiles look great. Another is illustrators who take money and never send illustrations. Finally, you have illustrators who make entire books using clip art. You would think that this would be easy to spot, but it is rampant in the industry and is a huge problem for various reasons.

First of all, clip art is actually an illustration done by someone else. When a writer or illustrator uses a bunch of clip art to make an illustration and then puts his/her/their name on it and publishes it, it is dishonest. Imagine if you take a bunch of recipes from various cookbooks and put them together in one book and then claim it is yours. Clip art might be fine on a Power Point, but it has no place in children’s book publishing. There are thousands of books with clip art illustrations currently on the market and many authors are unaware that they are being unethical by publishing them. The worst part, is that many of these authors do not even realize that the illustrations that they bought were not original art. For those of us who work in illustration, however, these type of books are easy to spot. The images are often different styles, the shadows are wrong (or non-existent), eye-contact is off, and the parts look cut out. A lot also look like the characters were copied from Disney.

It used to be easy to spot cheap self-published books because so many used clip art. Within the course of less than a year, however, this has completely flipped. Now AI in children’s books is all the rage. Unlike clip art, AI images are on a completely different level. Many of the images coming out of AI are absolutely amazing. It’s no wonder that tons of people are using AI as an opportunity to make their dream book a reality. Nevertheless, using AI in a children’s book has a lot of negative side effects and many of these are why my colleagues and I are angry.

First of all, there is currently no copyright on AI as a computer generates the images. That means that if you publish a book full of AI images, there is not much stopping someone from copying or sharing your images. This area is just too new and there isn’t much legal precedence.

Secondly, AI runs its algorithms based off actual artwork.  Imagine taking a bunch of famous paintings and collaging them together and saying it is your work. It is actually not, especially because you didn’t even do the collaging yourself. Plus, the artists are not being compensated or acknowledged for their work. In addition many authors inadvertently place only their name on the cover of their AI illustrated children’s book so that everyone assumes that they are the illustrator. Unfortunately, I see this every day on the forums that I am on. There is always a newbie author pushing their debut book with AI images, only their name on the cover, and no admission that they used AI to create it. I’ll be honest, people buying cheap illustrations frustrate me but people trying to skip paying someone entirely and take the credit for it frustrate me even more. Nevertheless, AI makes it easy to take credit for amazing illustrations that you didn’t actually create.

Finally, many illustrators are losing work. The amount of AI produced work is overwhelming the industry. Literary agents are flooded with AI produced books. Publishers have stopped submissions because they do not know how to handle the amount that they have received. This means that authors and illustrators who have been spending months creating high quality books are unable to get their books in the hands of the people who need to see them. When authors and illustrators say that they are worried about their jobs this has more to do with just AI making neat pictures. Just like photography killed the editorial artist, AI will put a lot of illustrators out of business. The technology is just too revolutionary. AI is able to generate illustrations which rival even the best traditional artists at almost no cost.

Human illustrators cost money for a reason because doing illustration is a lot of work. I got my master’s degree in illustration and book design, and I spend hours on each illustration I make. I’m proud of the work that I produce. At the moment, I use AI for ideas. I won’t use it in my books, because I want people to know that when my name is listed as illustrator that I did all of the artwork myself. Maybe someday I will use AI to make even better illustrations. Perhaps I’ll use it to add backgrounds, shadows, or to create entirely new images. I have no idea, but I am sure that I will have to find a way to work with this technology or get out of the way.

So why does AI make illustrators so upset? In the end, I think most of us are not angry at AI. We know that AI has a lot of uses and is here to stay. We are frustrated, however, with people who misuse it for their own gain. We are annoyed at people taking credit for artwork that they didn’t create and those who use cheap illustrations instead of paying an expert to do the job. We are irritated that the artists whose work is being used by AI are not contacted, acknowledged, or compensated. We are angry at how recklessly AI is being used in our industry and how that recklessness is damaging our livelihood. We are upset because we know that a lot of us may not be working in illustration ten years from now. The industry as we know it is gone. AI is here and our world as illustrators will never be the same.

Go to KelleyDonner.com, Kelley's official author/illustrator page.